Ma muli o nā makahiki o ka noiʻi a me ka ʻike hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lako pūnaewele, ua kūkākūkā mākou i nā ʻenehana a me nā hoʻonā no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoihana pūnaewele home broadband. ʻO ka mea mua, kānana ʻo ia i ke kūlana o kēia manawa o ka home broadband indoor network quality, a hōʻuluʻulu i nā mea like ʻole e like me fiber optics, gateways, routers, Wi-Fi, a me nā hana mea hoʻohana e hoʻopilikia ai i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoihana pūnaewele home broadband. ʻO ka lua, e hoʻolauna ʻia nā ʻenehana uhi pūnaewele hou i hōʻailona ʻia e Wi-Fi 6 a me FTTR (Fiber To The Room).
1. Ka nānā 'ana i nā pilikia maika'i o ka 'ikena o ka home broadband
Ma ke kaʻina hana o FTTH (fiber-to-home), ma muli o ka mana o ka mamao o ka lawe ʻana i ka optical, ka wehe ʻana o ka optical a me ka nalowale o ka mea pili, a me ke kuʻi ʻana o ka fiber optical, hiki ke haʻahaʻa ka mana optical i loaʻa i ka ʻīpuka. kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻonui ana i ka nui o ka poho o ka ʻeke o ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka lawelawe papa luna. , hāʻule ka uku.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hana ʻenehana o nā ʻīpuka kahiko, a ʻo nā pilikia e like me ka CPU kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻomanaʻo a me ka wela nui ʻana o nā mea hana e hiki mai ana, e hopena i ka hoʻomaka hou ʻana a me nā ulia o nā puka. ʻAʻole kākoʻo nā ʻīpuka kahiko i ka wikiwiki o ka pūnaewele gigabit, a he pilikia pū kekahi o nā puka kahiko e like me nā chips kahiko, kahi e alakaʻi ai i kahi ākea nui ma waena o ka waiwai wikiwiki maoli o ka pilina pūnaewele a me ka waiwai theoretical, kahi e kaupalena ʻia ai ka hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka. ʻike pūnaewele o ka mea hoʻohana. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā ʻīpuka home akamai kahiko i hoʻohana ʻia no 3 mau makahiki a ʻoi aʻe paha ma ka pūnaewele ola e noho mau ana i kahi ʻāpana a pono e hoʻololi.
ʻO ka pahu alapine 2.4GHz ka ISM (Industrial-Scientific-Medical). Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he alapine maʻamau no nā lekiō e like me ka uea ʻole o ka ʻāpana kūloko, ʻōnaehana komo ʻole, ʻōnaehana Bluetooth, point-to-point a i ʻole point-to-multipoint spread spectrum system, me ka liʻiliʻi o nā kumu alapine a me ka bandwidth palena. I kēia manawa, aia kekahi hapa o nā ʻīpuka e kākoʻo ana i ka 2.4GHz Wi-Fi frequency band i ka pūnaewele e kū nei, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka co-frequency / adjacent frequency interference.
Ma muli o nā lako lako polokalamu a me ka lawa ʻole o ka hana ʻana o kekahi mau ʻīpuka, hoʻokuʻu pinepine ʻia nā pilina PPPoE a hoʻomaka hou ʻia nā ʻīpuka, e hopena i ka hoʻopau pinepine ʻana i ka ʻike pūnaewele no nā mea hoʻohana. Ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka pilina PPPoE (no ka laʻana, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka loulou hoʻouna uplink), ʻokoʻa nā kūlana hoʻokō o kēlā me kēia mea hana puka puka no ka ʻike awa WAN a me ka hana hou ʻana i ke kelepona PPPoE. ʻIke ʻia nā ʻīpuka o kekahi mau mea hana i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 20 kekona, a hoʻopaʻa hou ʻia ma hope o 30 ʻike ʻole ʻia. ʻO ka hopena, he 10 mau minuke no ka ʻīpuka e hoʻomaka maʻalahi i ka hoʻokani hou ʻana o PPPoE ma hope o ka hele ʻana i waho, e pili ana i ka ʻike mea hoʻohana.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻīpuka home o nā mea hoʻohana hou aʻe me nā mea hoʻokele (ma hope aku i kapa ʻia ʻo "routers"). Ma waena o kēia mau mea ala, he kakaikahi wale nō ke kākoʻo i nā awa 100M WAN, a i ʻole (a) kākoʻo wale iā Wi-Fi 4 (802.11b/g/n).
Hoʻokahi wale nō o nā awa WAN a i ʻole nā protocol Wi-Fi e kākoʻo ana i ka wikiwiki o ka pūnaewele ʻo Gigabit, a lilo i "pseudo-Gigabit" routers. Eia kekahi, ua pili ka mea alalai i ka ʻīpuka ma o ka uwea pūnaewele, a ʻo ka uea pūnaewele i hoʻohana ʻia e nā mea hoʻohana ma ke ʻano he ʻano 5 a i ʻole super waeʻano 5 uea, he pōkole ke ola a nāwaliwali ka hiki ke hoʻopilikia, a ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou wale nō. kākoʻo i ka wikiwiki 100M. ʻAʻole hiki i kekahi o nā mea ala i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna a me nā kelepona pūnaewele ke hoʻokō i nā koi evolution o nā pūnaewele gigabit a me super-gigabit. Hoʻomaka hou kekahi mau mea alalai ma muli o nā pilikia o ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, e pili ana i ka ʻike mea hoʻohana.
ʻO Wi-Fi ke ʻano o ka uhi ʻole ʻana i loko o ka hale, akā nui nā ʻīpuka home i waiho ʻia i loko o nā pahu nāwaliwali o kēia manawa ma ka puka o ka mea hoʻohana. Hoʻopili ʻia e ka wahi o ka pahu nāwaliwali o kēia manawa, nā mea o ka uhi, a me ke ʻano hale paʻakikī, ʻaʻole lawa ka hōʻailona Wi-Fi e uhi i nā wahi āpau o loko. ʻOi aku ka mamao o ka mea hoʻokele mai ka Wi-Fi access point, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā keʻakeʻa, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nalowale o ka ikaika hōʻailona, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka pilina paʻa ʻole a me ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻikepili.
I ka hihia o ka pūnaewele i loko o nā hāmeʻa Wi-Fi he nui, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā pilikia hoʻohālikelike like a me nā ala pili-channel ma muli o nā hoʻonohonoho ala kūpono ʻole, e hōʻemi hou ana i ka helu Wi-Fi.
Ke hoʻopili kekahi mau mea hoʻohana i ke alalai i ka ʻīpuka, ma muli o ka nele o ka ʻike ʻoihana, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopili i ke alalai i ke awa pūnaewele non-gigabit o ka ʻīpuka, a ʻaʻole paha lākou e hoʻopili paʻa i ke kelepona pūnaewele, e hopena i nā awa pūnaewele wehe. I kēia mau hihia, ʻoiai ke kau inoa nei ka mea hoʻohana i ka lawelawe gigabit a i ʻole hoʻohana i kahi router gigabit, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke loaʻa i nā lawelawe gigabit paʻa, kahi e lawe mai ai i nā pilikia no nā mea hana e hoʻoponopono i nā hewa.
He nui loa nā mea hoʻohana i pili i ka Wi-Fi ma ko lākou mau home (ʻoi aku ma mua o 20) a i ʻole nā noi he nui e hoʻoiho i nā faila ma ka wikiwiki nui i ka manawa like, e hoʻoulu ai i nā paio koʻikoʻi Wi-Fi a me nā pilina Wi-Fi paʻa ʻole.
Hoʻohana kekahi mau mea hoʻohana i nā ʻōkuhi kahiko e kākoʻo wale ana i ka laina alapine Wi-Fi 2.4GHz a i ʻole nā protocol Wi-Fi kahiko, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa kahi ʻike pūnaewele paʻa a wikiwiki.
2. Nā ʻenehana hou e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka pūnaewele i loko
ʻO nā lawelawe bandwidth kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e like me 4K/8K wikiō wehewehe kiʻekiʻe, AR/VR, hoʻonaʻauao pūnaewele, a me ke keʻena home e lilo mālie i nā pono paʻa o nā mea hoʻohana home. Hāʻawi kēia i nā koi kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka home broadband network, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka home broadband indoor network. Ua paʻakikī ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi ma luna o ka ʻenehana kūloko home broadband i hoʻokumu ʻia ma FTTH (Fiber To The House, fiber to the home). Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā ʻenehana Wi-Fi 6 a me FTTR ke hoʻokō maikaʻi i nā koi o ka lawelawe ma luna a pono e kau ʻia ma kahi ākea nui i ka hiki.
Wi-Fi 6
I ka makahiki 2019, ua kapa ʻia ka Wi-Fi Alliance i ka ʻenehana 802.11ax Wi-Fi 6, a ua kapa ʻia nā ʻenehana 802.11ax a me 802.11n Wi-Fi 5 a me Wi-Fi 4 ma mua.
Hoʻokomo ʻo Wi-Fi 6 iā OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access), MU-MIMO (Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, multi-user multiple-input multiple-output technology), 1024QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, quadrature amplitude modulation) a me nā ʻenehana hou ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hiki i ka nui o ka hoʻoiho ʻana i ka manaʻo. 9.6Gbit/s. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻenehana Wi-Fi 4 a me Wi-Fi 5 i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻouna ʻana, ʻoi aku ka mana concurrency, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa lawelawe, ʻoi aku ka uhi ākea a me ka mana terminal liʻiliʻi. ʻai.
ʻenehana FTTR
ʻO ka FTTR e pili ana i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻīpuka a me nā sub-device āpau i nā hale ma ke kumu o FTTH, a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka uhi ʻana o ka fiber optical i nā lumi hoʻohana ma o ka ʻenehana PON.
ʻO ka puka nui FTTR ke kumu o ka pūnaewele FTTR. Hoʻopili ʻia ia i luna i ka OLT e hāʻawi i ka fiber-to-the-home, a i lalo e hāʻawi i nā awa optical e hoʻohui i nā ʻīpuka kauā FTTR he nui. ʻO ka ʻīpuka kauā FTTR e kamaʻilio me nā mea kikowaena ma o ka Wi-Fi a me ka Ethernet interface, hāʻawi i kahi hana hoʻopili e hoʻouna i ka ʻikepili o nā lako kikowaena i ka ʻīpuka nui, a ʻae i ka hoʻokele a me ka mana o ka ʻīpuka nui FTTR. Hōʻike ʻia ka pūnaewele FTTR ma ke kiʻi.
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano hana kuʻuna e like me ka ʻupena uwea pūnaewele, ka laina laina mana, a me ka pūnaewele uea ʻole, loaʻa i nā pūnaewele FTTR nā mea maikaʻi.
ʻO ka mea mua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoihana pūnaewele a me ka bandwidth kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka pilina fiber optical ma waena o ka puka kumu a me ka puka kauā hiki ke hoʻonui i ka bandwidth gigabit i kēlā me kēia lumi o ka mea hoʻohana, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka pūnaewele home o ka mea hoʻohana ma nā ʻano āpau. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pūnaewele FTTR i ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka bandwidth a me ke kūpaʻa.
ʻO ka lua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uhi Wi-Fi a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO Wi-Fi 6 ka hoʻonohonoho maʻamau o nā ʻīpuka FTTR, a hiki i ka ʻīpuka haku a me ka ʻīpuka kauā ke hāʻawi i nā pilina Wi-Fi, e hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ana i ka paʻa o ka pūnaewele Wi-Fi a me ka ikaika uhi hōʻailona.
Hoʻopili ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka intranet pūnaewele home e nā mea e like me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka pūnaewele home, nā mea hoʻohana, a me nā mea hoʻohana. No laila, he pilikia paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana a me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka pūnaewele home ma ka pūnaewele ola. Hāʻawi kēlā me kēia hui kamaʻilio a i ʻole ka mea lawelawe pūnaewele i kāna hoʻonā ponoʻī. No ka laʻana, nā ʻenehana loea no ka loiloi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka intranet pūnaewele home a me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka maikaʻi ʻole; e hoʻomau i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻikepili nui a me ka ʻenehana naʻauao hana i ke kahua o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o nā ʻoihana home broadband i loko; hoʻolaha i ka hoʻohana ʻana o FTTR a me Wi-Fi 6 ʻenehana Wide network quality base and more.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-26-2023
